Multi-site feasibility and reproducibility study on UTE 3D phosphorous MRSI using novel rosette trajectory (PETALUTE).

PURPOSE: This study aims (1) to implement a robust acquisition, fully automated reconstruction, and processing pipeline using a novel rosette k-space pattern for UTE 31P 3D MRSI and (2) to evaluate the clinical applicability and reproducibility at different experimental setups. METHODS: A multi-center feasibility/reproducibility study was conducted for the novel UTE 31P 3D MRSI sequence with rosette petal trajectory (PETALUTE) at three institutions with different experimental setups (Siemens Prisma with volume head coil or surface coil, Siemens Biograph mMR with volume head coil). Five healthy subjects at each site were measured with an acquisition delay of 65 μs and a final resolution of 10 × 10 × 10 mm3 in 9 min. The measurement was repeated three times and averaged for the spectral analysis using the LCModel package. The potential for acceleration was assessed using compressed sensing on retrospectively undersampled data. Reproducibility at each site was evaluated using the inter-subject coefficient of variance. RESULTS: This novel acquisition and advanced processing techniques yielded high-quality spectra and enabled the detection of the critical brain metabolites at three different sites with different hardware specifications. In vivo, feasibility with an acceleration factor of 4 in 6.75 min resulted in a mean Cramér-Rao lower bounds below 20% for phosphocreatine (PCr), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), phosphomonoesters (PME), and a mean coefficient of variation for ATP/PCr below 20%. CONCLUSION: We demonstrated that UTE 31P 3D rosette MRSI acquisition, combined with compressed sensing and LCModel analysis, allows clinically feasible, robust, high-resolution 31P MRSI to be acquired at clinical setups.